TM4-ECPL calculates a global dissolved Iron (DFe) deposition flux of 0.496 Tg-Fe yr-1 (0.191 Tg-Fe yr-1 over oceans) for the PRESENT atmosphere. Combustion emissions from biomass burning, combustion of anthropogenic origin and DFe containing dust, contribute significantly to the global DFe deposition flux, together with the DFe flux due to dust atmospheric processing by proton- and organic ligand- promoted mineral Fe-dissolution. TM4-ECPL simulations also show that increases in anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions since 1850 resulted in both enhanced Fe combustion emissions and a more acidic environment and thus more than double DFe deposition. On the contrary, TM4-ECPL predicts that air-quality regulations will decrease DFe deposition for the FUTURE atmosphere, owing to the lower emissions of combustion DFe-containing aerosols as well as to the weaker acidification of mineral dust.
